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Useful Medicine For Computer Vision Syndrome
Eye and vision problems due to prolonged use of computer is
considered as computer vision syndrome. It has been recognised
as an occupational condition and has significant effects on
workplace productivity. Computer use is a high visually
demanding task and may result in various symptoms like
eyestrain, headache, blurred vision, glare, irritation, burning
sensation, watering, double vision, back pain, neck and shoulder
pain, contact lens discomfort and changes in colour perception.
Computer related visual problems are related with frequent
saccadic eye movements, continuous eye focusing (accommodation)
and alignment demands. Various factors such as screen resolution
and contrast, image refresh rates and flicker (to focus and
refocus to keep images sharp) and screen glare may contribute to
visual discomforts. Prolonged staring, associated with reduced
blink rate results in evaporation of tear film, leading to dry
eye and reduces the focusing ability still further leading to
blurred vision and headache. Other factors like working
distance, posture, height of computer screen, illumination may
also contribute to visual problems.
Material and Method
This study was a double-blind randomised active drug-controlled
clinical trial. Identical vials with code number containing
either itone, placebo or tears substitute (tears plus) were used
in this study. Informed consent was taken from each patient to
participate in this study. Patients using computer for at least
3 hours / day having symptoms of irritation, foreign body
sensation, watering, redness, headache, eyeache and signs of
conjunctival congestion, mucus debris, corneal filaments,
staining, lacrimal lake were included in this study. Patients
with uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes, impaired renal
function, clinically relevant hepatic and cardiac dysfunction,
pregnant and lactating women were excluded from this study.
Ocular examination included detailed history regarding computer
use, Snellen's visual acuity, refraction, intra-ocular pressure
assessment, anterior segment examination, orthoptic work-up.
Special tests like Schirmer test, tear film break-up time (BUT),
fluorescein staining, rose Bengal staining were conducted in
each patient.
All the patients having symptoms and signs of computer vision
syndrome were instructed to instill one drop of itone, tears
substitute or placebo four times daily in each eye for 6 weeks.
Patients were asked to come for follow-up at 2 weeks interval to
observe any change in objective and subjective findings.
Side-effects if any were also noted.
The data were arranged for statistical analysis. The outcome
variables were scored by means of mean and standard deviation.
The mean scores were analysed to assess the significance of
difference in between multiple groups (A, B, and C) by Kunshal -
Wallis test ( non-parametric equivalent of ANOVA) and assessment
of significance of difference in means scores between individual
groups were done by Mann - Whitney U test ( non-parametric
equivalent of unpaired 't' test). P value < 0.05 was considered
as statistically significant.
Observations
A total of 120 cases attending outpatient department of Susrut
Eye Foundation & Research Centre were studied. Out of 120 cases,
39 received itone, 41 cases received tears substitute and 40
cases received placebo. There were 45 females and 75 males.
Average ages of patients were 28.24 years for itone group, 27.54
for tears substitute group and 27.64 for placebo group.
Comparison was done between baseline symptoms and symptoms at
6weeks. Comparison was also made between each group at 6 weeks
time. Results are shown in Table 1. In this study the herbal eye
drop was found significantly better than placebo (<0.01). No
statistically significant difference was found between itone and
tears substitute and both are almost equally effective in
reducing symptoms in computer vision syndrome. No side-effects
from any of the drugs were noticed in this study.
Discussion
Computer vision syndrome is a rapidly increasing problem
world-wide due to widespread use of computers in almost every
field in modern life. And as it is a high visually demanding
task, vision problem and symptoms have become very common in
today's work-place. Prolonged use of computer is associated with
reduced blink rate to maintain a clear image. This in
association with compromised visual environment gives rise to
various symptoms like eyestrain, headache, blurred vision,
glare, irritation, redness, watering and neck and shoulder pain.
Several studies have reported the effectivity of tears
substitutes in dry eye and computer vision syndrome. Biswas et
al found that itone was significantly effective than placebo in
the management of dry eye syndrome. Biswas et al11 also reported
a comparative clinical trial of an herbal eye drop with tears
substitute and placebo. They have found that itone was
significantly better than tears substitute and placebo in
computer vision syndrome.
In the present study it has been observed that itone is
significantly better than placebo in reducing symptoms in
computer vision syndrome and also it is comparable with tears
substitute in reducing symptoms (the difference is not
statistically significant). It is concluded that itone is an
effective drug in reducing symptoms in computer vision syndrome.
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